Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Nilam (Pogostemon cablin) di Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

Authors

  • Putri Setia Ningsih Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Yuerlita Yuerlita Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Yusri Usman Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v1i2.151

Keywords:

Strategi, Pengembangan usahatani, Nilam,

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan teknis budidaya   nilam di Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. (2) Merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk pengembangan usahatani nilam di Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 15 Maret-15 April 2019. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Metode pengambilan responden secara sengaja (purposive) yang terdiri dari pihak internal dan eksternal usahatani nilam. Data untuk tujuan pertama dianalisis dengan analisa deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan teknis budidaya tanaman nilam yang dilakukan oleh petani nilam di Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, untuk tujuan kedua dianalisis dengan analisa deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Matriks IFE, Matriks EFE, Matriks SWOT dan Diskusi Partisipatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) teknis budidaya yang dilakukan oleh petani sebagian telah sesuai berdasarkan anjuran/literatur yang ada, seperti: melakukan pembersihan lahan, penyulaman, penyiangan, cara panen, waktu panen dan pasca panen yang telah sesuai. Namun, dalam beberapa kegiatan masih ada yang belum sesuai dengan anjuran/literatur, seperti: belum menggunakan bibit unggul, umur tanaman untuk bibit belum sesuai, tidak melakukan penyemaian bibit, pengolahan tanah belum maksimal, pengaturan jarak tanam dan pengendalian penyakit belum dilakukan, pemanenan dan penyulingan belum sesuai. (2) Strategi yang disarankan untuk pengembangan usahatani nilam di Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat adalah meningkatkan kualitas sumberdaya manusia petani nilam, pemberdayaan kelompok tani, mengoptimalkan peran penyuluhan tanaman nilam, menyediakan lembaga informasi pasar untuk minyak nilam bagi petani, dan meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas tanaman serta minyak nilam yang dihasilkan.

Kata Kunci: Strategi, Pengembangan usahatani, Nilam

This research aims to analyze (1) To describe the technical patchouli cultivation in Nagari Kajai, Talamau District, West Pasaman Regency. (2) Formulate the right strategy for developing patchouli farming in Nagari Kajai, Talamau District, West Pasaman Regency. This research was conducted on March 15-April 15 2019. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. The method used is descriptive method. The method of taking respondents intentionally (purposive) consisting of internal and external parties patchouli farming. Data for the first purpose were analyzed by descriptive analysis, which was to describe the technical patchouli cultivation carried out by patchouli farmers in Kajai Nagari, Talamau Subdistrict, West Pasaman Regency, for the second purpose analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis using IFE Matrix, EFE Matrix, SWOT Matrix and Participatory Discussion. The results of the analysis show that (1) the cultivation techniques carried out by farmers are partly in accordance with existing recommendations / literature, such as: doing land clearing, replanting, weeding, how to harvest, harvest time and post-harvest that are appropriate. However, in some activities there are still those that are not in accordance with the recommendations / literature, such as: not using superior seeds, the age of the plants for seedlings is not appropriate, not seeding seedlings, processing is not maximal, planting spacing and disease control have not been done, harvesting and distillation is not appropriate. (2) The suggested strategy for developing patchouli farming in Nagari Kajai, Talamau Sub-District, West Pasaman Regency is to improve the quality of patchouli farmer human resources, empower farmer groups, optimize the role of patchouli extension, provide market information for patchouli oil for farmers, and increase production and the quality of plants and patchouli oil produced.

Keywords: Strategy, Development Farming, Patchouli

References

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2018. Kecamatan Talamau Dalam Angka 2013-2017. Badan Pusat Statistik. 2018. Pasaman Barat dalam Angka 2018.

David, Fred.r. 2008. Strategic Management Konsep Edisi 10. Jakarta. Salemba Empat. Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Sumatera Barat. 2018.

Kurnia, Dedi. 2013. Analisis Usahatani Nilam di Kanagarian Kajai Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. [Skripsi].

Padang. Universitas Andalas.

Mangun, H.M.S. 2008. Nilam “Hasilkan Minyak Berkualitas Mulai Dari Teknik Budidaya Hingga Proses

Penyulinganâ€. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.

Profil Nagari Kajai Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. 2019.

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Published

2019-08-19

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): August

Section

Research Articles

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