Pemetaan Komoditi Unggulan Sektor Pertanian di Provinsi Sumatera Barat

Authors

  • Nova Suryani Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Cipta Budiman Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Rian Hidayat Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v1i2.152

Keywords:

sektor pertanian, sektor basis, komoditi unggulan,

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Kabupaten/Kota yang basis terhadap sektor pertanian di Provinsi Sumatera Barat serta mengetahui komoditi unggulan masing-masing Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskripstif kuantitatif dengan  menggunakan analisis  Location Quotient  (LQ)  dan  shift-share  analisis  (SSA)  untuk  mengetahui  Kabupaten/Kota  yang  basis  terhadap  sektor pertanian  serta  mengetahui  komoditi  unggulan  masing-masing  Kabupaten/Kota  yang  basis  terhadap  sektor pertanian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari 19 Kabupaten/Kota di Sumatera Barat   terdapat 11 Kabupaten yang basis terhadap sektor pertanian yang kemudian dapat diketahui komodi unggulan masing-masing Kabupaten. Komoditi yang masuk dalam prioritas utama di Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai adalah Jambu biji dan nangka. Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan yaitu jagung, belimbing, jengkol, gambir dan kelapa sawit. Kabupaten Solok adalah ubi jalar, alpokat, kayu manis dan cengkeh. Kabupaten Sijunjung adalah durian, duku, rambutan, manggis, nangka, dan pinang. Kabupaten Tanah Datar adalah ubi jalar, kayu manis dan cengkeh. Kabupaten Agam adalah jeruk, durian dan pinang. Kabupaten Lima puluh adalah cabe  merah,  kacang panjang, jeruk, rambutan,  sirsak dan pinang. Kabupaten Pasaman adalah sawo, belimbing, manggis, dan salak. Kabupaten Solok Selatan adalah jagung, cabe rawit, jambu air, dan kelapa sawit. Kabupaten Dharmasraya adalah pisang dan sawo. Kabupaten Pasaman Barat adalah  mangga,  jambu  biji,  salak,  dan  kelapa  sawit.  Sehingga  Pemerintah  Provinsi  Sumatera  Barat,  perlu menetapkan kebijakan dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan sektor perekonomian daerah yang mengacu pada sektor basis pada masing-masing Kabupaten dan Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, terutama pada sektor pertanian yang menjadi sektor basis dan penyumbang sebagian besar pendapatan daerah pada Kabupatem dan Kota di Sumatera Barat.

Kata Kunci: sektor pertanian, sektor basis, komoditi unggulan

This study aims to determine the district / city base on the agricultural sector in West Sumatra Province and find out the superior commodities of each regency / city in West Sumatra Province. The analytical method used is descriptive quantitative method using Location Quotient (LQ) and shift-share analysis (SSA) to find out the Regency / City base on the agricultural sector and know the superior commodities of each Regency / City based on the agricultural sector. The results of the analysis show that from 19 regencies / cities in West Sumatra there are 11 districts which are based on the agricultural sector which can then be identified as superior commodities in each district. Commodities included in the main priority in the Mentawai Islands Regency are Guava and Jackfruit. Pesisir Selatan Regency is corn, star fruit, jengkol, gambier and oil palm. Solok Regency is sweet potato, avocado, cinnamon and clove. Sijunjung Regency is durian, duku, rambutan, mangosteen, jackfruit and areca nut. Tanah Datar Regency is sweet potato, cinnamon and cloves. Agam Regency is oranges, durian and areca nut. Limay Regency is red chili, long beans, oranges, rambutan, soursop and areca nut. Pasaman Regency is sapodilla, star fruit, mangosteen, and salak. South Solok Regency is corn, cayenne, water guava, and oil palm. Dharmasraya Regency is banana and sapodilla. West Pasaman Regency is mango, guava, zalacca, and oil palm. So that the West Sumatra Provincial Government needs to establish policies in the development and development of the regional economic sector which refers to the sector basis in each Regency and City in West Sumatra Province, especially in the agricultural sector which is the base sector and contributes most of the regional income to Regency and City in West Sumatra.

Keywords: agriculture sector, base sector, superior commodity

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Published

2019-08-28

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): August

Section

Research Articles

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