Pengaruh Penggunaan Lahan Kakao yang diintegrasikan dengan Kelapa Sawit terhadap Keanekaragaman Serangga Predator dan Parasitoid

Authors

  • Nurfina Yenti Kampus 3 Dharmasraya
  • Juniarti Juniarti Universitas Andalas
  • Siska Effendi Universitas Andalas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v2i1.220

Keywords:

Braconidae, formicidae, ichneumonidae, tachinidae, tiiphidae

Abstract

Perubahan tipe penggunaan lahan kakao monokultur menjadi polikultur secara tidak langsung akan mempengaruhi komponen penyusun ekosistem tersebut. Serangga adalah komponen biotik yang respon terhadap perubahan ekosistem, sehingga menarik untuk dikaji khususnya serangga predator dan parasitoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan lahan kakao yang diintegrasikan dengan kelapa sawit terhadap keanekaragaman serangga predator dan prasitoid. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada beberapa tipe penggunaan lahan yakni lahan kakao-kelapa sawit, kakao, kelapa sawit dan hutan di Nagari Sitiung, Kecamatan Sitiung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Penelitian ini berbentuk survei dengan metode penentuan petak sampel yakni systematic sampling menggunakan pola yang disesuaikan dengan bentuk masing-masing lahan. Metode pengambilan sampel yakni pitfall trap, yellow pan trap, insect net, dan hand collecting. Total serangga predator dan parasitoid yang dikoleksi terdiri dari 9 ordo, 33 famili, 84 morfospesies dan 2,848 individu. Keanekaragaman serangga predator dan parasitoid dipengaruhi oleh tipe penggunaan lahan (p = 0.0034). Keanekaragaman serangga pradator Serangga predator yang memiliki kelimpahan individu tertinggi pada semua lahan yakni Formicidae. Serangga parasitoid yang memiliki kelimpahan individu tertinggi yakni Braconidae pada lahan kakao-kelapa sawit, Tachinidae pada lahan kakao, Tiiphidae pada lahan kelapa sawit dan Ichneumonidae pada hutan

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Published

2020-05-01

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): April

Section

Research Articles

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