Analisis Perbandingan Risiko Usaha Tani Padi Pada Musim Hujan dan Musim Kemarau di Nagari Mungo Kecamatan Luak Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota

Authors

  • Rika Anggela Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • M. Refdinal Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Rika Hariance Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v1i1.7

Keywords:

Risiko, produksi, pendapatan, musim hujan, musim kemarau,

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko produksi usahatani padi, risiko pendapatan usahatani padi dan upaya petani dalam mengatasi risiko yang dihadapinya baik pada musim hujan maupun pada musim kemarau. Penelitian dilakukan di Nagari Mungo Kecamatan Luak  Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota yang dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari hingga Februari 2018. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei secara acak terhadap 30 orang petani sampel dengan metode cluster sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis varian, standar deviasi, dan koefisien variasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko produksi usahatani padi pada musim kemarau lebih besar dari pada musim hujan dengan nilai CV yaitu 0,24 dan 0,12 yang termasuk kedalam kategori rendah. Sedangkan pada risiko pendapatan diperoleh hasil bahwa risiko pendapatan petani pada musim kemarau juga lebih besar dari pada musim hujan dengan nilai CV yaitu 0,37 dan 0,19 yang juga termasuk kedalam kategori rendah. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi risiko usahatani padi pada musim hujan dan musim kemarau diketahui bahwa risiko usahatani padi yang paling banyak dihadapi oleh petani disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim dan cuaca, selain itu juga serangan dari beberapa hama dan penyakit tanaman padi. Sehingga untuk menghadapi risiko tersebut petani melakukan beberapa strategi preventif dengan cara melakukan pemeliharaan secara rutin dan pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara teratur dan menggunakan benih dengan varietas berbeda. Dan strategi mitigasi yang dilakukan petani yaitu diversifikasi tanaman dan diversifikasi mata pencarian sehingga risiko yang dihadapi petani termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah.

Kata kunci : Risiko, produksi, pendapatan, musim hujan, musim kemarau

This research aims to identify production risk, income risks and as well as the strategies applied by rice farmers to overcome the risk in rainy season and dry season in the Mungo village Luak sub disrict Lima Puluh Kota. This study was conducted from January  to February 2018. This research used survey method by conducting interviews using quistionnaires to the farmers then randomly selected as many as 30 farmers sample in the rainy season and dry season. The data were analyzed by using variance analyzed, standard deviation, and coefficient variation(CV). The result of study showed that the production risk in dry season with the CV value of 0,25 is hingher than the rainy season with the CV value of 0,13 which is included in the low category. While the income risks showed that risks of farmer’s income in the dry season it also higher than rainy season with the CV value of 0,38 and in the rainy season with the CV value of 0,21. And the result of rice risk identification in the rainy season and dry season is known that the risk caused by climate change and weather, as well as attacks from several pests and diseases of rice plants. For anticipation the risks the farmers do some preventive stategies by doing maintenance with control of pests and diseases on regular basis. While on the mitigation strategies the farmers do some diversification of crops and diversification livelihood and finally the risks faced by farmers faal into the low category.

Keywords: Production Risk, Income Risk,Rainy Season and Dry Season

References

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Published

2019-04-05

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): April

Section

Research Articles

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