Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Sektor Pertanian Sumatera Barat

Authors

  • Andre Vermana Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Mahdi Mahdi Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166
  • Rusda Khairati Staff Pengajar Prodi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, kampus Unand Limau manih, Padang, Indonesia 25166

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/joseta.v1i1.8

Keywords:

sektor pertanian, Sumatera Barat, Cobb-Douglas, lahan pertanian, produksi puncak,

Abstract

Sektor pertanian memainkan peran penting dalam perekonomian Sumatera Barat. Sektor ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pendapatan, pekerjaan, valuta asing, dan pendapatan pajak. Ini juga memasok bahan baku untuk sektor industri dan jasa yang mengarah ke efek penyebaran yang lebih besar terhadap perkembangan ekonomi provinsi. Namun, Sumatera Barat menghadapi pertumbuhan yang lebih lambat dari produksi pertaniannya selama dua dekade terakhir. Apakah sektor ini sudah mencapai puncak produksi? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini, dalam penelitian ini, kami menguji faktor-faktor untuk produksi pertanian Sumatera Barat dengan menerapkan model Cobb-Douglas yang menghipotesiskan tenaga kerja, investasi di bidang pertanian dan tanah sebagai faktor-faktornya. Dengan menganalisis data dari tahun 2000-2016, kami menemukan bahwa model tersebut dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor ini untuk produksi pertanian Sumatera Barat karena R-square dari model tersebut adalah 71,3%. Lahan pertanian adalah satu-satunya faktor yang signifikan positif untuk produksi, sementara tenaga kerja dan investasi tidak. Temuan ini menandakan bahwa sektor pertanian Sumatera Barat hampir mencapai puncak produksi dalam tahap teknologi dan sumber daya manusia saat ini. Dengan keterbatasan lahan untuk ekspansi pertanian, Sumatera Barat perlu melarang keras konversi lahan pertanian, untuk meningkatkan sumber daya manusia dan mengubah teknologi pertanian untuk pengembangan pertanian lebih lanjut.

Kata kunci: sektor pertanian, Sumatera Barat, Cobb-Douglas, lahan pertanian, produksi puncak

Agricultural sector plays important role in West Sumatra’s economy. The sector contributes significantly to income, employment, foreign exchange, and tax revenue. It also supplies raw materials for industry and service sectors that lead to larger spread effect to the economic development of the province. However, West Sumatra has been facing slower growth of its agriculture production for last two decades. Has this sector already reached its peak production? To answer this question, in this study, we examine the factors for agricultural production of West Sumatra by applying Cobb-Douglas model that hypothesizes labor, investment in agriculture and land as the factors. By analyzing the data from 2000-2016, we found that the model could explain these factors for West Sumatra agricultural production as R-square of the model is 71.3%. Agricultural land is the only factor that is positively significant for the production, while both labor and investment are not. The findings signalize that West Sumatra agricultural sector almost reach the peak production within the current stage of technology and human resources. With limitation of land for agricultural expansion, West Sumatra needs to strictly prohibit agricultural land conversion, to improve human resources and to change the agricultural technologies for further agricultural development.

Keyword : agricultural sector, West Sumatra, Cobb-Douglas, agricultural land, peak production

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Published

2019-04-16

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): April

Section

Research Articles

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